Photosensitive Occipital Lobe Epilepsy

Etiologies: consideration is related to heredity (some may involve complex polygenic genetic patterns).

Age of onset: mostly between 15 months and 18 years old.

Seizure characteristics: most occipital seizures induced by flash stimulation (mainly manifested as blurred vision or simple visual hallucinations) can be induced by playing video games. After the seizure, it is easy to have headache, nausea and vomiting [1-2].

EEG: Background: normal. Interictal: spikes and slow spikes can be seen in one or both occipital areas, and the left and right can be out of sync (flash stimulation can induce posterior head or generalized photoparoxysmal response). Ictal: EEG can record the origin of occipital lobe, and some can spread to the ipsilateral temporal area [1-2].

Brain MRI: most of them are normal.

Developmental progress: some patients may have developmental delays and learning difficulty.

References

1. Panayiotopoulos.  癫痫综合征及临床治疗.  北京 : 人民卫生出版社, 2012.
2. 刘晓燕.  临床脑电图学. 第2版.  北京 : 人民卫生出版社, 2017.