2006国际抗癫痫联盟(ILAE)癫痫发作分类

1、自限性癫痫发作类型(Self-limited epileptic seizures)

  1. 全面起源(Generalized onset)
    1. 表现为强直和/或阵挛发作(Seizures with tonic and/or clonic manifestations)
      1. 强直-阵挛发作(Tonic-clonic seizures)
      2. 阵挛性发作(Clonic seizures)
      3. 强直发作(Tonic seizures)
    2. 失神(Absences)
      1. 典型失神发作(Typical absences)
      2. 不典型失神发作(Atypical absences)
      3. 肌阵挛失神发作(Myoclonic absences)
    3. 肌阵挛发作类型(Myoclonic seizure types)
      1. 肌阵挛发作(Myoclonic seizures)
      2. 肌阵挛站立不能发作(Myoclonic astatic seizures)
      3. 眼睑肌阵挛(Eyelid myoclonia)
    4. 癫痫性痉挛(Epileptic spasms)
    5. 失张力发作(Atonic seizures)
  2. 局灶性起源(部分性)(Focal onset)(partial)
    1. 局部的(Local)
      1. 新皮质的(Neocortical)
        1. 无局部扩散(Without local spread)
          1. 局灶性阵挛发作(Focal clonic seizures)
          2. 局灶性肌阵挛发作(Focal myoclonic seizures)
          3. 抑制运动性发作(Inhibitory motor seizures)
          4. 伴有初级症状的局灶性感觉性发作(Focal sensory seizures with elementary symptoms)
          5. 失语性发作(Aphasic seizures)
        2. 有局部扩散(With local spread)
          1. 杰克逊扩展性发作(Jacksonian march seizures)
          2. 局灶性(不对称)强直性发作(Focal (asymmetrical) tonic seizures)
          3. 有体验症状的局灶性感觉性癫痫(Focal sensory seizures with experiential symptoms)
      2. 海马和海马旁回(Hippocampal and parahippocampal)
    2. 伴同侧传播至:(With ipsilateral propagation to:)
      1. 新皮质区(包括偏侧阵挛性发作)(Neocortical areas (includes hemiclonic seizures))
      2. 边缘叶(包括痴笑发作)Limbic areas (includes gelastic seizures)
    3. 伴对侧传播至:(With contralateral spread to:)
      1. 新皮质区域(过度运动性发作)Neocortical areas (hyperkinetic seizures)
      2. 边缘叶(伴或不伴自动症的认知障碍性发作[精神运动性发作])(Limbic areas (dyscognitive seizures with or without automatisms [psychomotor]))
    4. 继发全面性(Secondarily generalized)
      1. 强直-阵挛发作(Tonic-clonic seizures)
      2. 失神发作(Absence seizures)
      3. 癫痫性痉挛(未证实)(Epileptic spasms (unverified))
  3. 新生儿发作(Neonatal seizures

2、癫痫持续状态(Status epilepticus)

  1. 部分性癫痫持续状态(Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC))
    1. 因为Rasmussen 综合征出现(As occurs with Rasmussen syndrome)
    2. 因为局部病灶出现(As occurs with focal lesions)
    3. 作为先天代谢错误的一个组成部分(As a component of inborn errors of metabolism)
  2. 辅助运动区癫痫持续状态(Supplementary motor area (SMA) status epilepticus)
  3. 持续性先兆(Aura continua)
  4. 局部认知障碍性(精神运动,复杂部分性)癫痫持续状态(Dyscognitive focal (psychomotor, complex partial) status epilepticus)
    1. 颞叶内侧(Mesial temporal)
    2. 新皮层(Neocortical)
  5. 强直-阵挛癫痫持续状态(Tonic-clonic status epilepticus)
  6. 失神发作持续状态(Absence status epilepticus)
    1. 典型和非典型失神发作持续状态(Typical and atypical absence status epilepticus)
    2. 肌阵挛失神癫痫持续状态(Myoclonic absence status epilepticus)
  7. 肌阵挛癫痫持续状态(Myoclonic status epilepticus)
  8. 强直发作癫痫持续状态(Tonic status epilepticus)
  9. 不易察觉的癫痫持续状态(Subtle status epilepticus)

参考文献:

1、Engel, J., Jr., Report of the ILAE classification core group.Epilepsia, 2006. 47(9): p. 1558-68.